American Express Essay

Bonnie Wittenburg, the offended party for this situation documented an age segregation claim against American Express Financial Advisors, Inc. ’s (AEFA). AEFA recorded a movement for synopsis judgment, the region court conceded and the United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit avowed. Wittenburg began working at AEFA Equity Investment Department (EID) in November 1998 at 46 years old (Walsh, 2011). As per the portfolio chiefs, Wittenburg offered extraordinary support and showed magnificent speculation abilities and in 2000, she was name Analyst of the Year (Walsh, 2011). In 2001, AEFA recruited another Chief Investment Officer (CIO) and 2002 the CIO started an overhaul of EID. The task would take around two years; include an extra three portfolio supervisors, another satellite office and the merger or development of specific assets to AEFA’s satellite office (Walsh, 2011). During a conversation in regards to recently recruited employees, the CIO expressed he was not opposed to employing more youthful supervisors or examiners to develop with the organization (Walsh, 2011). The new structure plan would remember a decrease for power (RIF) which as per the CIO was important. The first RIF ended Al Henderson, age 62. Henderson said something that Dan Rivera disclosed to him that AEFA terminated him on the grounds that the organization needed to hold the more youthful workers (Walsh, 2011). The second RIF wiped out three examiner positions yet essentially centered around portfolio supervisors. During the second RIF, a group of supervisors evaluated around 25 individuals in the division giving each a rating of keep, possibly keep, perhaps, perhaps drop or drop (Walsh, 2011). They utilized the evaluations to instruct pioneers about the people in the division and in late 2002 held a gathering to talk about worker appraisals. Wittenburg got a low evaluating in light of horrible showing and negative info gave by portfolio directors yet proceeded in her present situation during the second RIF. Wittenburg alongside two different examiners were ended when the third RIF happened; Wittenburg was 51 and the other two were 41 and 36. Wittenburg applied for a portfolio supervisor, she didn't get the position and sued AEFA asserting Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) (Walsh, 2011). Wittenburg’s safeguard would depend on proclamations from collaborators, for example, â€Å"those that were younger† â€Å"not disinclined to recruiting more youthful portfolio managers† and takes note of that demonstrated the expert office would perhaps include a lesser individual. In settling on a choice, the court will consider if the announcements were settled on by leaders or by somebody who may impact the choice to end the offended party, the hole among articulations and the date of end, and if the announcement itself was prejudicial or just a conclusion. The CIO’s remark with respect to the company’s ability to employ more youthful specialists was a general remark. The announcement was not biased nor did it set up that age was the reason for Wittenburg’s end longer than a year back. The reference to including a lesser individual didn't show oppressive aim and Wittenburg didn't demonstrate the representative likened junior individual to a more youthful individual or how such a documentation identified with her end. Wittenburg conceded that Rivera was not a leader in the 2003 RIF and his announcement made to Henderson didn't identify with her end. The court concluded that these remarks didn't set up an affection dependent on AEFA’s nondiscriminatory reason given for her end. A sum of 31 expert were influenced by the 2002 and 2003 RIF, 17 of the examiner were 40 years of age or more established and of the 17, six were ended, four surrendered and seven held their employments (Walsh, 2011). What's more, there were four ended, two surrendered, two moved and six held their places of the 14 examiners who were not in the secured class (Walsh, 2011). There were two individuals, ages 41 and 46, of the secured class who positioned first and second during the 2002 examiner appraisals and the two investigator ended in 2003 were both more youthful than Wittenburg, one was 41 and the other 36 (Walsh, 2011). Another examiner in the secured class whose age was equivalent to Wittenburg endure the 2003 RIF. Wittenburg’s allegation that scores were controlled to hold more youthful representatives during the 2002 RIF by positioning them in the â€Å"keep† class despite the fact that their scores were low was really an unsettled issue as she endure the 2002 RIF despite the fact that her score was low placing her in the perhaps keep classification. AEFA expressed they required just a single Technology Sector investigator and afterward redistributed the outstanding task at hand among different representatives, Wittenburg contends that affection was appeared in any case, as expressed by the court, â€Å"employers regularly disperse a released employee’s obligations to different workers performing related work for real reasons† (Walsh, 2011). To the extent the two opportunities, those were among the 10 investigators who had endure the RIF, they were not new positions (Walsh, 2011). The choice to scale back and update the Equity Investment Department was for the improvement of the organization. Wittenburg’s contention that AEFA just depended on her 2002 exhibition survey in settling on their choice to end doesn't support her case. The court noted there is nothing oppressive in a business deciding to depend on ongoing execution information in choosing which representatives to RIF (Walsh, 2011). American Express had not been doing quite well and the CIO clarified analyst’s execution assessments on a yearly premise are significant in light of the fact that customers take a gander at one-year execution and decide (Walsh, 2011).

Organization Balanced Scorecard Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Association Balanced Scorecard - Assignment Example re is income development by proposing pay creating ventures, procedure on the benefit development and guaranteeing deciding the momentary dissolvability of the organization. These targets are in accordance with the vision of the organization as they guarantee which is offering low costs to the purchasers. The organization ensures that it profits by the huge market by selling its items at lower costs. The requirement for a reasonable scorecard so as to decide if the organization is going the correct way as far as gainfulness can't be downplayed. Along these lines, this is finished by estimating every goal in the money related area with an evaluated target metric that is related with it. This procedure has helped organizations comprehend their position and the frail and solid regions in the association. Along these lines, the need of the destinations can be comprehended in the association and in this manner, it gets simpler for the administration to comprehend which goal ought to be ac tualized first dependent on its significance. Further, it shows how the various segments of the organization are acting according to the vision and the crucial the organization. Generally most government organizations measure their administrative introduction by essentially concentrating on interior procedure exhibitions; they likewise took a gander at variables, for example, the quantity of full time rises to that were assigned. Be that as it may, then again the private part has consistently centered around the fiscal methodology as their primary concern; this remembers return for venture, income per share and even piece of the overall industry. It is basic to comprehend that by itself, neither of the methodologies can have the option to give specification for the full perspective of an organization’s schedule. Notwithstanding, by guaranteeing that there is a parity that exists between the inward procedure just as results from money related measures, directors can have the option to have a total picture regarding whether the organization ought to have the option to make upgrades. Therefore, the reasonable score card was utilized as it

Microsoft Vista and Home Computing Essay Example for Free

Microsoft Vista and Home Computing Essay In 2005, Microsoft declared that it was dealing with another form of their Windows working framework that would fix numerous security issues that were tormenting Windows-XP clients. Thusly, numerous product darlings energetically foreseen the dispatch of the overhauled working framework, named Widows Vista. Sadly, after Vista was discharged in 2007, it disillusioned most clients and pundits on account of its need radiance execution, significant expense and incongruence with XP programming. It is more regrettable than Windows XP, and home-PC clients today are in an ideal situation utilizing Windows 7 Home Premium. Windows Vista was discharged five years after XP, taking more time to create than past adaptations of Windows. XP had various security imperfections that permitted programmers to control or crush a PC user’s information or challenged person arrange correspondence, and Microsoft meant to fix these with Vista (Ricadela 2006). Infections, spyware, trojans and different types of malware can undoubtedly taint XP, particularly when clients get to the web. Microsoft’s distraction with fixing these bugs in XP in the long run deferred the creation and arrival of Vista (Ricciuti 2004). Shockingly, after Vista was discharged in 2007, it met unforgiving analysis from press analysts, corporate clients and home-processing clients. A corporate fulfillment study propelled in 2008 demonstrated that solitary 8% of Vista clients were extremely fulfilled contrasted with 40% for XP clients (Keizer 2008). Netmarketshare (2010) likewise assesses that Vista has the littlest segment of clients (14. 34%) among the right now utilized Windows working frameworks, with Windows 7 at second spot (14. 46%) and XP with the most clients at 61. 87% (2010). Home clients will think that its hard to utilize Vista, particularly on the off chance that they have been utilized to the more steady XP working framework. XP clients will understand that Vista’s framework prerequisites are higher than XP’s. Therefore, existing clients need to redesign their PC equipment or purchase another PC inside and out in the event that they need to move up to Vista. Microsoft suggests in any event a 1 GHz processor, 1 GB of Random Access Memory (RAM), a 128-MB video-designs card equipped for DirectX 9. 0, in any event 40 GB of Hard Disk Drive (HDD) limit with in any event 15 GB of free space, and a DVD-ROM drive to introduce the product (Microsoft 2010). It might be conceivable to run Vista with less, yet the presentation will creep. As a general rule, one needs substantially more than the expressed necessities to accomplish sensible execution. Vista’s execution is likewise more slow contrasted with XP and Windows 7. XP clients will quickly see the distinction in speed when they begin utilizing Vista. Numerous errands appear to creep contrasted with XP. Benchmark tests run by Tom’s Hardware showed that XP is commonly quicker than Vista, and the analyzers suggest staying with XP on the grounds that â€Å"it can't perform better than Windows XP† (Schmid 2007). For instance, essential assignments, for example, duplicating documents, are much more slow than XP. Microsoft discharged a Service Pack move up to fix this issue, however ZDNet benchmark tests show that the overhauled Vista is still more slow than XP (Kingsley-Hughes 2008). Truth be told, PCs that were bought pre-introduced with authorized Vista programming performed so inadequately that clients needed to downsize it to XP, however retailers charged an expense for it. Subsequently, clients sued Microsoft for this (Melanson 2009). Enthusiastic gamers will likewise be baffled on the off chance that they use Vista in their home PCs. Much the same as Tom’s Hardware, Techgage prepared similar tests utilizing various games running in both Vista and XP. Normally, XP was quicker than Vista (Williams 2007). The illustrations drivers of Vista are just not grown enough, and the essential necessities of Vista itself are heavier than XP. Microsoft endeavored to fix this again through a Service Pack overhaul. Nonetheless, significantly after the â€Å"fix,† game engineers despite everything prescribe Vista clients to twofold the prerequisites of XP clients. For example, Capcom, the distributer of the game Devil May Cry 4, requires at least 2 GB of memory for Vista clients. In any case, XP clients just need 1 GB (PC Game Requirements 2010). Some XP programming and equipment are likewise not good with Vista. Existing home PC clients who previously spent a significant interest in programming will be baffled again with Vista’s powerlessness to run a portion of their current PC projects, for example, infection scanners. Indeed, even numerous organizations didn't try to overhaul from XP to Vista when it was discharged in view of this incongruence issue (Deare 2007). The US Department of Transportation has likewise prohibited any overhauls from XP to Vista refering to programming contrariness issues, costs and the absence of extra highlights that could end up being helpful or profitable (McDougall 2007). Utilizing Vista with WiFi will likewise be troublesome. While interfacing with systems with XP isn't an issue, Vista now and then will not associate with certain systems (Claerr 2008). Regardless of whether one can interface with the switch, the Internet might be missing or access to arrange records and printers may not be accessible. The client may likewise be detached discontinuously from the switch on the off chance that the person can interface, or the speed might be exceptionally moderate. Fixes may include overhauling switches, yet on the off chance that the switch isn't possessed by the client, for example, in air terminals, bistros or other open Wifi hotspots, at that point associations are unrealistic except if XP or other good working frameworks are utilized. Vista additionally devours more force than XP. This implies PC batteries will deplete quicker utilizing Vista. It is expected to Vista’s higher equipment prerequisites that utilization more vitality. Endeavoring to kill some of Vista’s highlights, for example, its extravagant graphical interface, will make it more vitality productive. Be that as it may, doing likewise with XP still makes it greener than Vista. Vista is additionally more costly than XP or Windows 7. Microsoft Vista Home Premium as of now retails for $239. 95 in online programming retailers. Then again, Windows 7 Home Premium retails for just $199. 99. What's more, on the off chance that one purchases another, limited, old-model PC today, with a CRT screen, a pinnacle CPU and an all-encompassing console for around 200 to 250 dollars, now and again Windows XP is as of now packaged together with the whole bundle, making it for all intents and purposes free. This is the reason Vista isn't savvy. A portion of the new highlights of Vista are additionally not amazing contrasted with its ancestor, Windows XP and its replacement Windows 7. The new graphical interface of Vista is more tasteful than XP, however it hinders execution to where it isn't justified, despite any potential benefits. The new forms of packaged programming, for example, the web program, media player, email supervisor, photograph chief, arrangement director and film creator are either downloadable for nothing for XP clients or accessible for nothing either from outsider sellers or bundled together with bought equipment like cameras and scanners. The new security prompts can likewise be bothering or irritating. The most perceptible new element for Vista is the Aero graphical UI. Contrasted with XP, it shows up progressively three-dimensional. The new gorgeous sight has improved symbols, activitys and thumbnails that are live. The transparencies are additionally new. Be that as it may, since Aero utilizes more vitality, it depletes the battery life of workstations. Turning it off will spare force (Murph 2007). Another new element that is promptly recognizable is the Windows Sidebar. It is a straightforward board where different applets or little projects called Desktop Gadgets can be joined or expelled. These applets incorporate contraptions, for example, tickers, climate data, news, photos, cash converters, etc. In Windows XP, a comparative board called Google Gadgets can be downloaded for nothing, kindness of Google. Web Explorer 7 additionally accompanies Vista. This adaptation has new highlights including numerous selected windows, the capacity to zoom pages, a channel against phising (programmers endeavoring to accumulate significant information, for example, passwords from clients), extra security highlights, including limiting presumed pernicious programming from composing past the Temporary Internet Files envelope without assent, and International Domain Name (IDN) support. Be that as it may, these highlights and a lot more are remembered with the expectation of complimentary web programs such Mozilla’s Firefox and Google’s Chrome, which can be downloaded and introduced utilizing Windows XP or other working frameworks for nothing. Another rendition of Windows Media Player, adaptation 11, is likewise packaged with Vista. Another element in this rendition permits clients to scan for music or video records while they type. This is called â€Å"word wheeling. † It likewise incorporates another media library Graphical User Interface (GUI), a photograph coordinator and an Internet record sharing component. Be that as it may, new forms of Media Player can be downloaded from Microsoft’s site under Windows XP for nothing. In addition, there are other outsider programming applications that give free video and sound programming, including codecs, to play all the most recent sorts of media for nothing. Once more, these can be downloaded from the Internet utilizing XP or other working frameworks. Vista additionally incorporates another variant of Outlook Express which was renamed Windows Mail. It includes consistently refreshed garbage mail and phishing sifting. In any case, there are better email the board programs, for example, Mozilla’s Thunderbird, that can again be downloaded for nothing from the Internet utilizing XP or other working frameworks. Windows email frameworks have likewise consistently been the ideal objective of programmers and malware creators, so utilizing an alternate email program, for example, Thunderbird is progressively secure and safe. There are likewise new sight and sound applications that are remembered For Vista, however these projects are typically included for nothing with the equipment that they support. For instance, Vista incorporates Windows Photo Gallery, which permits clients to import pictures from advanced cameras, arrange them, change their legitimate

Find a Job You Like and You Will Never Work a Day in Your Life - 550 Words

Find a Job You Like and You Will Never Work a Day in Your Life (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Tutor:Class:Date:""Find a job you like and you will never work a day in your life." What is your understanding of this quote?"This quote is believed to have been written by a Chinese philosopher and a moral thinker Confucius between 551BC to 479BC. Confucius was teaching people that their self-fulfillment was influenced by their moral actions towards others. According to me, this philosophical quote blends well with our lives. Although the quote was written many years ago, it still makes much sense in the modern days. The quote is an essential guide when choosing a career or occupation.Most people pick up career paths that they did not like in the first place. There are carpenters who should be teachers, teachers who should be horticulturalists and horticulturalists who should be doctors. Making the wrong choices in life affects your productivity.The quote is a call to make the right decision when making important life changing decisions. The author wanted us to use our hearts rather than our heads while making choices. Confucius meant that if you follow your passion, you would never regret.Those stuck in the wrong careers and jobs are motivated by money. This could be the reason they never get satisfied with even more pay hike. Confucius was telling us that life is all about being happy and getting fulfillment through what we do. However, the main goal for most people in any career is to get money as their fulfillment. They forget that fulfillment should come from the job before you can even think about the returns.To have a fulfilling career, it has to be something you love doing. It will help you have an intrinsic zeal to achieve the best in the tasks rather than thinking about what you will get in return. If you can do something naturally, without straining, then this will give you satisfaction, and you will not realize that you even did anything.The sooner you realize that time wasted can never be recovered, you will still stay put in something that does not rhyme with your dreams. Monetary returns can be got through doing anything perfectly and consistently. If you are in the wrong job, then it will be hard for you to pu...

President Donald Trump - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 416 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/03/27 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: Donald Trump Essay Did you like this example? He went from businessman to modern-day Hitler. Trump has many corruptions, fraud, obstruction of justice, and broken campaign promises. Trump, for example, has a conflict of interest in his business models and institutions are facing scrutiny from members of Congress because of his Pro Russian and Ties to countries with authoritarian policies. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "President Donald Trump" essay for you Create order He doesnt have a traditional presidency cause of his failure to follow protocol, and his handling of administrative power. He doesnt want to release his tax return history. Trump abuses his power of the executive branch. Trump has always been the leader of something in the public eye before becoming President. He was the leader of his familys real estate company in 1971. He co-authored several books, including The Art of the Deal. He owned the Miss Universe and Miss USA beauty pageants from 1996 to 2015, and he produced and hosted the reality television show, The Apprentice, from 2003 to 2015. Forbes estimates his net worth to be $3.1 billion. Trump has always been a rich man working his way up in the world. He won the election because many people didnt vote and the few that did were males who believed that men should rule and racist believing he would make America great again. The false rumors on social media helped out with the election because ;instead, of doing research people based their opinions off things they read on Facebook. Trump has made many broken promises, to create an affordable healthcare, and he claimed to make America better. Trump has caused nothing but trouble since winning the election. He should not be in office again; otherwise, America will have a lot to fear. Trump came into office and took over and made republicans who were in office leave. Candidate Trump had two strategies to reduce the debt. He promised to grow the economy 6 percent annually to increase tax revenues. Once in office, he lowered his growth estimate to 3.5 percent to 4 percent. If you look at Trumps history, you learn many things about him. He seems to have always been good with words and convicting people to do things. Trump is not a perfect man no one is but, he is a great liar. CNN says You could write an encyclopedia about the ways in which Barack Obama is different from his successor, Donald Trump. On Saturday, Michelle Obama provided a more concise explanation for what distinguishes the two presidents from one another: Obama put country first; Trump puts himself first. Telling us how wrong Trump is for us.

The Ethics And Public Policies - 1233 Words

When studying personality psychology, a researcher uses theories, methods, and relies heavily on ethics, reliability, and validity. Using the â€Å"LOTS of data† acronym, personality researchers gather information to study people. These include, L-data (life record data), O-data (observation data), T-data (Test data) and S-data (self-report data). (Cervone Pervin, 2013) Each method has strengths and weaknesses. As well as â€Å"LOTS†, researchers must form a theory to â€Å"decide what to measure and how to measure it (Cervone Pervin, 2013, p. 42).† Theory without research can be speculation and research without theory is gathering meaningless information. Once a theory is made, one can start to gather a lot of data. However, before gathering the†¦show more content†¦By gathering research from observers, such as teachers, parents, and peers, a researcher might find information the individual may not be conscious of when self-reporting. This information is usually gathered by using questionnaires or other forms of rating the individual’s personality. (Cervone Pervin, 2013) T-data, information gathered from experimental procedures, are useful when looking at large studies. Newer technology and large numbers are beneficial to this method. T-data is objective, meaning it measures the goal of â€Å"his/her performance on a task (Cervone Pervin, 2013, p.37).† Finally, S-data, is information gathered when an individual is self-reporting about themselves. Questionnaires are the most common form of S-data. The individual will observe their own personality and report it to the researcher, but S-data has its limitations. Because the individual is self-reporting, they may not be aware of some personal characteristics and fail to report them accurately. Even with this limitation, Self-reports are still widely used more and more today with the advancement of technology and large numbers of diverse samples contributing to resear ch studies. (Cervone Parvin, 2013) Theory, â€Å"consisting of a systematic body of ideas about a particular topic or phenomenon (Cozby Bates, 2012),† is arguably the most important part of research studies. The theory guides which assessment will be used to study which aspect of personality. The information

Old Male Patient Has Got Admitted In Hospital †Free Samples

Question: Discuss About The Old Male Patient Has Got Admitted In Hospital? Answer: Introducation Mr. Donald John, 81 years old male patient has got admitted in the hospital B side on 10.01.2017 in room no: 261. His feelings, self- esteem and perception level was assessed. He has past history of moderate dementia because of transient ischemic attack and is suspected to have Alzheimers disease since 2014. He also had hyponatraemia secondary to dehydration, low mood, anxiety, hypercholesterolemia, Ischemic heart disease with anterior MI, moderate left anterior descending lesion and stenosis of circumflex. He was an engineer and lives with his wife in his village. During history collection, he was found to have difficulty in expressing emotions and inability to write but has good reading skills. He has feelings of inferiority and is reluctant to interact with others due to his disabilities. He has feelings of unworthiness and lack of meaning for his life. His wife is his full support and his one son and one daughter rarely visits him. Mr. John is diagnosed to have dementia which is a condition in which there can be a gradual deterioration of memory, judgment, language, other cognitive abilities and/or sensorial skills along with orientation to time, place as well as person that declines an individuals ability to participate in daily activities. Dementia develops if any changes or damages occur in the brain (Hinkle, 2014). The important cause of dementia involves brain diseases in whichthe neurons of brain degenerates and destroys quickly as compared to that of normal ageing. Mr. John has Alzheimer's disease(a type of neurodegenerative disorder) which is a type of dementia. It is responsible for 2/3rds of dementia in elderly as in Mr. John. InAlzheimer's disease(AD), the degeneration of brain cells leads to shrinkage of brain especially cerebral cortex, which is the grey matter layer that covers the brain and hypothalamus (Linda, 2011). This grey matter functions in processing of thought as well as many complex bra in functions that includes storing memories, retrieval of memories, mathematics-calculation, spelling the words, planning and organizing. Clumps of abnormal protein fragments (beta-amyloid) called as plaques or twisted protein strands (tau) tangles slowly develops and deposits in the brain, which are responsible for increased loss of brain cells (NHS, 2014). This can cause loss of connection between brain cells and reduce the production of neurotransmitters that are needed to relay impulses from one neuron to another. Moreover, Acetylcholine that is responsible for certain activities that are associated with learning skills, attention abilities and memory capacity (Lewis, 2013, Aminoff, 2016). People having Alzheimers disease can feature with decreased acetylcholine production in the brain along with production of glutamate that is much needed for connecting between brain-neurons are also reduced causing trouble in learning and long-term memory (Jurczak, 2014, NHS, 2015). As dementia progresses, the degeneration of neurons spread affecting the neurons of remaining brain parts. Alzheimers disease, ischemic stroke, low s elf-esteem, reserved personality and cardiac diseases of Mr. John has contributed to progression of dementia to its moderate stage (Zhang, 2014,Fairfax, 2014). Alzheimer's disease (AD) features with slow decline in memory, thinking, reasoning as well as behavior skills that causes interference with daily activities in its severe stage. Some features of Alzheimer's disease might be similar to that of age-related changes and other forms of dementia but the differential diagnosis could be made based on the a trace line difference which is discussed as follows. All the persons may encounter 1 or more of these features as they age. 1) Memory loss that affects daily activities- This is the most common feature of Alzheimer's with loss of memory, particularly forgetting the informations that are recently learned, unable to remember important occasions, dates and/or events, repeating the words, asking the same question again and again, increased reliability on memory aids as reminder- notes and/or some electronic devices and/or relatives for activities that they were handling by their own previously as in Mr. John whereas in age- related degeneratio n, the persons may forgets persons names and/or appointments sometimes but can remember it later (Alzheimer's Association, 2017). 2). Difficulties in planning and problem solving- Persons with AD may find difficulties in developing and following a plan/ work that requires numbers, trouble in remembering familiar food-recipes and tracking monthly bills as John suffers. They may not be able to concentrate in things and may take more time to do work than before while in age-related changes, only occasional mistakes occur while working with a checkbook. 3). Problems in completing familiar activities at home or working place or at leisure time- AD persons often find difficulty in completing daily activities. They may have trouble in driving to a well-known place, checking budgets and remembering game rules whereas in senile degeneration, occasional help may be needed to change the microwave settings and/or recording a TV show which is evidenced in Mr. John (McKhann, 2011). 4). Confusing with time and/or place- AD people may not be able to track the dates or seasons, difficulty in understanding things that has not occurred at present and forgetting the place where they are present and how they came there which is similar to Mr. John (McKhann, 2011). In senile degeneration, older person may confuse with the day of the week but trace it out after. 5). Difficulty in understanding visual images with spatial relationships- Having vision problem is a feature of AD as Mr. John. These persons may have trouble reading, differentiating colors or judging distance that can create problems in driving. But in ageing-related changes, the vision changes occur due to cataracts or senile degeneration (Alzheimer's Association, 2017). 6). Troubles with speaking words and/ or writing- AD people may have difficulty in conversing with others; may stop in between conversation and/or trouble in continuing conversation or may repeat words within themselves as like John (McKhann, 2011). AD people may have trouble with vocabulary, selecting right words or naming the things wrongly while trouble occurs only in finding the correct words in age-related changes. 7). Misplacing items with trouble in re-tracing steps- AD people may have difficulty in keeping things in correct places, losing things and inability to go back through steps again and may abuse others. In contrast, people with senile degeneration may misplace things and find trouble with retracing at few times. 8). Poor or impaired judgment- AD people may have poor judgment and/or decision-making process and may pay less attention in self-care activities whereas making bad decision is common in age-related changes. 9). Withdrawal from activities- AD persons may withdraw from routine activities, hobbies, sports, social activities, etc and feels isolated which is similar to Mr. John with feelings of isolation while in age-related changes, they may withdraw from work and familial activities at times (McKhann, 2011). 10). Mood swings and personality changes- AD persons may have confusion, suspiciousness, depression, fearfulness and/or anxiousness as like John who is depressed and confus ed (Alzheimer's Association, 2017). But in a typical age-related degeneration, they may become irritable in performing daily activities. Differential diagnosis has to be made clearly between AD and age-related alterations by comparing the signs and performing appropriate diagnostic examinations (Table-1). The features of diseases other than AD that can cause confusion in thinking, difficulty in focusing on things, loss of memory includes iron-deficiency anemia,diabetes-mellitus, renal disorders, liver diseases, infection, some vitamin deficiencies, thyroid disorders and cardiac, lung and blood- vessel abnormalities (Alzheimer's Association, 2017, Albert, 2011). There is no any single test to confirm the diagnosis of AD. A complete diagnosis should be made by performing clear assessment by considering all the causes. The first step involves collecting medical history with past illnesses and medicine history with family history of AD. Mr. John had transient ischemic attack with suspected Alzheimers disease, depressiveness and anxiousness which suggests that the patient has developed moderate dementia because of AD and its medications. There is a family history of AD with dementia in his father who has died at 81 years of age (Lewis, 2013). Physical examination was performed to rule out diet pattern, alcohol intake, and use of drugs (current, over-the counter medications supplements), vital signs, heart sounds and general assessment. His examination shows that he has trouble in letting emotions with difficulty in writing but not in reading (Alzheimer's Association, 2017). He has forgetting, repeatedly asks questions, short-temperedness, isola ted and boredom feelings, performing activities repeatedly, wanders with-out purpose, aggressiveness, abusing others, shouting, beating, screaming, agitation, depressive features as trouble ventilating his emotions, poor judgmental capacity, lack of self- control with self- esteem, suspiciousness which makes Mr. John to be anxious, with-drawn, low-mood, confused, lost and frustrated (NHS, 2014). Genetic test may be performed to trace out APOE-e4 and autosomal- dominant AD gene which is not performed in John. Neurological exam was performed carefully to rule out conditions that may indicate brain diseases other than AD as smaller/ large stroke, brain tumors, hydrocephalus, Parkinsons disease or other disorders which can cause memory/ thinking impairment (Sperling, 2011, Alzheimer's Association, 2017). Reflexes, coordination of movements, muscle tone as well as strength, eye movement, speech and sensation were assessed in Mr. John which shows that his movements were not coordinated due to poor muscle strength whereas his speech and sensation remained intact (Hinkle, 2014). His mental status examination shows that his memory is impaired and is unable to solve problems with poor thinking skills. He has trouble in saying the date, place and time; remembers words and follows instructions very slowly and unable to perform simple calculations. The Mini-mental status examination scor e of John is assessed to be 15 which suggest that he has moderate dementia. Mini-cogtests by asking him to recall and repeat things after few minutes of 3 common things were performed in which he was able to recall one objects name only after 3 minutes whereas he was unable to recall other 2 objects name (Jack, 2011). His CT exam shows that he has areas of transient ischemic attack with stenosis in circumflex of brain. Mood assessment shows that he is withdrawn, depressed, anxious, isolated with absence of interest in life. Dementia can lead to varied difficulties in cognition as memory loss, learning difficulties, poor thinking, poor judgment, language with praxic functioning difficulties, decreased psycho-motor speed, and poor problem- solving abilities. Behavioral problems involves self- care deterioration, trouble communications, lapse in speech, absence of clarity, hallucination with delusional thoughts, alterations in gait with balance (NHS, 2014). Emotional problems includes dis-regulated with poorly organized behavior, apathy, energy loss, unwilling to work, delayed thinking, agitation, neglect, paranoia, with mood swings (DH, 2012). The trouble arises based on the shrinkage in the brain lobe. If frontal lobe is involved, the persons self and others awareness are affected as in Mr. John whereas if parietal lobe is affected, the language with speech-comprehension, vision as well as meaning of objects can be impaired. When temporal lobe is damaged, short and long- term memories will be impaired an d memory fades when the damage moves deep into brain areas. Mr. John is on Tab. Risperidone- 500 mg to control his agitation and schizophrenic features. It is a Benzisoxazole derivative which is an antipsychotic medicine that has higher affinity on 5-hydrotryptamine as well as dopamine receptors. Risperidone is mainly for managing schizophrenia, behavior alteration in John with dementia and mood swings (depression) (Galbraith, 2015). The features of John suggest that he is in moderate stage of dementia as forgetfulness, more marked changes, requires more support for daily activities, highly aggressive, gets upset easily, anger, difficulty performing activities, low mood, withdrawn, inability to recall address, names, etc, confusion, needs help for choosing clothes, difficulty to control bladder and bowels, alterations in sleep patterns, personality with behavioral changes (suspiciousness, repetitive behaviors as wringing hands/ tissue-shredding) ((McKhann, 2011, DH, 2012). Mr. John requires a structured physical, mental, emotional, societal, cognitional, sexual as well as spiritual care by social-care specialists that is rendered in aged-care homes. The treatment for John should be provided in stages so as to promote the quality care. Firstly, they will evaluate the reasons for his altered behavior. The workers in aged-care home will establish rapport with him and his family (NHS, 2015). In aged-care homes, they will refer to psychiatrists to evaluate his mental problems, counselors to give individual and family counseling, clinicians to manage his medical issues, staff-nurses to meet his personal-needs and occupational-therapists to make John to perform simpler activities. In aged homes, the societal workers will be assessing, counseling, communicating, caring, supporting and guiding John by developing a framework of management and will be managed accordingly. The nurses have to clearly diagnose the stage of patient by comparing it with diagnostic criteria. She should assess his background, history, likes/ dislikes; capacities and abilities to plan interventions. Nurses should provide person- centered care which involves caring persons at the centre of other care rendered based on his needs, wishes, believes and preferences. This person- centered care can minimize agitated feelings in John. This approach involves valuing him, giving respect, enabling social relationships and choices, giving opportunities to John to stimulate him, recognize as well as consider him as a whole (NHS, 2015). Nurses should identify Johns needs and plan for supportive care based on his preferences. Nurses should meet his daily needs, support him to perform elimination and provide diversion activities. Non- personal-centered care can also be given by dictating the care-needs to his wife by considering his needs. John can be referred to support workers who focus on his skills with abilities rather than the skills he has lost. Strategic plans can be developed based on his disabilities as urinary bowel incontinence, anxiety, depression, agitation, repetitive words, etc (Gray, 2013). The history of John indicates that he has depression because of his ageing process and Alzheimers disease. His disabilities have affected his self- identity; respect, and esteem which have developed negative thoughts in him (Orth, 2012).On examination, he assessed to have inability to express his feelings and write. He has inferior feelings and feels hesitant to mingle with others because of his disabilities. He looks to have low mood, anxious, isolated and withdrawn. He expresses that he is worthless, hopeless and there is no meaning for his life. His modified behavior may lead to inability to express his needs that may again stimulate frustration in John expressing with challenging- behavior. AD is found to interfere with the regulation of neurotransmitter which affects the mood (begins at the early stage of AD development) and hence it leads to the development of depression (Ellison, 2016). Moreover, damage/ error theories suggest that presence of chronic diseases such as hypertension, ischemic stroke, cardiac diseases, etc contributes to depression development which is similar to John (Jin, 2010). The disabilities that are caused by his multiple disorders has increased his feelings of stress that made him dependent on his wife for support which has lead to worthless, hopeless feelings and insomnia resulting in depressiveness. Even, the disengagement theory suggests that as the person ages, he starts to withdraw and isolate himself from interaction with society that causes decline of continuity in daily activities causing physical with psychological changes as in John. The immunological theory adds that as the person ages, the functions of immunology declines slowly resulting in Alzheimers disease, cardiac diseases, etc leading to depressive ideas as John experiences. Depressive features increases and takes a different quality, as AD intensifies. Apathy commonly occurs when the depressive features emerges in the moderate stage of AD with classic symptoms that includes feelings of agitation, withdrawn, weeping, difficulty in expressing feelings of joy (anhedonia), lack of appetite, severe hallucinations, suicidal thoughts and psychotic delusions which is evident in Mr. John with these features. When the neuro and cognitive impairment intensifies to a more severe stage, the affected persons may not able to remember depressive symptoms and/or to clearly understand or articulate its meaning (Ellison, 2016). In the severe stage of dementia, the unwanted disruptive behaviors that include resisting for getting care, expressing delusive feelings or showing increased agitation behavior and sometimes self- destructing behaviors will provide cue for developing depression. Though these are not evident in Mr. John, he should be closely observed for these featu res to handle it at the earliest. Thus, adequate treatment and proper care can delay the progression of dementia and its related feature. Reference Albert, M.S et al. (2011). The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimers disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimers Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimers disease:Alzheimers Dementia.7:2709 Alzheimer's Association. (2017). 10 Early Signs and Symptoms of Alzheimer's. Retrieved from https://alz.org/10-signs-symptoms-alzheimers-dementia.asp Aminoff, J.F et al. (2016). Handbook of Clinical Neurology. London: Elsevier Department of Health- DH. (2012). Caring for our future: Reforming care and support (White paper) Norwich: The stationary office. Ellison, J.M. (2016). Depression and Alzheimer's disease. Retrieved from https://www.brightfocus.org/alzheimers/article/depression-and-alzheimers-disease Fairfax, C.N. (2014).Social Work, Marriage, and Ethnicity: Policy and Practice: J Human Behav Soc. Environ. 24:83-91. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/.../272123480_Social_Work_Marriage_and_Ethnicity_Poli... Galbraith, A., Bullock, S. Manias, E.(2015). Fundamentals of Pharmacology: An Applied Approach for Nursing and Health. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=1317325877 Gray. (2013). Transforming adult social care. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/books?id=p0UbAgAAQBAJpg=PA232lpg=PA232dq= Hinkle, J.L. (2014). Brunners and Suddarths Textbook of Medical Surgical Nursing. (13th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Jack, C.R et al. (2011). Introduction to the recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimers Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimers disease:Alzheimers Dement.7:25762. Jin, K. (2010). Modern Biological Theories of Aging: Aging Dis. 1(2): 7274. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov NCBI Literature PubMed Central (PMC) Jurczak, W., Porzych, K Polak-Szabela, A. (2014). Nurses Role In Taking Care Of A Patient With Alzheimers Disease: Medical and Biological Sciences. 28(2): 5-10. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.12775/MBS.2014.014 Lewis, S.M., Heitkemper, M. M., Dirksen, S.R. (2013). Medical Surgical Nursing: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems. (9th ed.). Missouri: Mosby. Linda, C et al. (2011). Alzheimer's Disease. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=0313381100 McKhann, G.Y. (2011). The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimers disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimers Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimers disease: Alzheimers Dementia. 7Answer(3): 263269. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2011.03.005 NHS. (2014). Dementia guide. Retrieved from https://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/dementia-guide/Pages/dementia-behaviour.aspx NHS. (2015). Dealing with challenging behavior. Retrieved from https://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/social-care-and-support-guide/Pages/challenging-behaviour-carers.aspx Orth, U. (2012).Life-span development of self-esteem and its effects on important life outcomes: J PersSocPsychol. 102: 1271-1288. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21942279 Sperling, R.A et al. (2011). Towards defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimers disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimers Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimers disease:Alzheimers Dement. 7:28092 Zhang, L. (2014).Self-esteem as mediator and moderator of the relationship between stigma perception and social alienation of Chinese adults with disability: Disabil Health J. 7: 119-123. Retrieved from https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/24411516

Common App Essay Prompt 2 - An Interactive Way to Make Your Students Think

Common App Essay Prompt 2 - An Interactive Way to Make Your Students ThinkCommon App essay prompt 2 is a great second application essay question to think about. To help you with this question, I'm going to tell you about two samples that will have you writing an interesting essay in no time at all.The first one is something you can use from the comfort of your own home. You can get this online for free. The reason it's so easy to get is that it's a free resource. When I say free, that doesn't mean there are no restrictions or limitations, it just means there are no pay walls or fees.Use the word examples that make your app examples sound like words. Make them come to life and get your students thinking about these words. Using these words can make your app essay prompt more interesting. Imagine how cool your students will be when they see the words for example as used by someone who created your app. Then you can ask them to consider how the writer used the word example.The second on e is a good way to use your own app for a common app essay prompt. It's called Track Tape Emails, it's an app that will teach you how to build a website for yourself. The great thing about this is that you get a free version to use in your home.Start writing with the examples and then go back to the text to use those words. This exercise gets your students thinking about what you're telling them to do. Once you give your students examples and words that they don't know, it becomes easier for them to remember your prompts.If you really want to make your students think about the words you use in your apps and then give them an interactive way to put it into practice, there's nothing better than online tests. These interactive tests are designed to have questions that make them think. For example, when the student asks a question like 'how old is your grandma?' they could find that you have given them a number, question or a phrase to look up.A good idea would be to ask them to think a bout the answer to this question - 'your grandma is a couple of years older than you are.' It's sure to make them think. A smart student will be able to come up with a good answer without too much trouble.So using app essay prompt 2's, find those words and examples that will help you make your app essay prompt more interesting. Use a free online test to help you. Go ahead and use both of these resources to help you learn how to write an app essay prompt and help your students learn too.

What Do I Need to Do in Order to Get a B Average in Medical School?

What Do I Need to Do in Order to Get a B Average in Medical School?One of the first questions that you may ask when looking to complete your first essay is; 'what do I need to do in order to get a B average in Medical School.' There are many answers to this question, but I would suggest that if you're trying to succeed at this task that you do not focus on what other people expect of you.As an aspiring medical student, it's important that you remember that you're going to be doing more than just writing essays. It's important that you prepare yourself for a challenging but rewarding curriculum. One of the most important aspects of a high school career is preparation, and if you've never done much to prepare for this before, I would suggest that you don't waste any time.If you've been given a time frame to work toward a B average in Medical School, make sure that you're focused on completing that time period. It will definitely be helpful to obtain some supplemental guidance as to how to best prepare for your classes, and doing so at the beginning of the school year can help a great deal.When it comes to answering the question 'what do I need to do in order to get a B average in Medical School', I would suggest that you take a look at several different essays that you have the opportunity to read from various medical schools. What I'd suggest is that you don't just skim through these essays and decide to choose one based on the structure or content. Rather, you should start out with the top two essays from each school and then proceed to the next.By doing this, you'll have a better idea of what options you have. From here, you can start to create your own essay. Be sure that the essay you create is one that you are proud of, and that you truly think that you can write.As you finish reading your medical school essays, use them as a foundation for creating your own. If you do this properly, you'll be able to identify your strengths and weaknesses, and you'll also be able to write an essay that incorporates your particular strengths.When you finish your essay, I strongly suggest that you remember to get feedback from those you're going to be interacting with throughout the curriculum. This will help you achieve greater success with your essay.

How to Choose Social Justice Topics for Essay

How to Choose Social Justice Topics for Essay When you compose a social issue essay, it is crucial to clearly show your private view of the issue. As a way to compose an argumentative essay, a writer should consider either side of a topic and have a position. There are some main things you will need to learn about before you even begin picking social issues essay topics. Utilize your example to hold up your opinion and explain it. For instance, the qualifications required to be a professional social worker is among the key fields in the overall discussion of social work. The topical outline about the overall discussion of the subject region of social work is an effortless supply of topics for essays on social work as it's structured in a manner that it's simple for students to discover and select certain topics. If you decide to tackle some or each of these issues in your classroom, the next section provides some ideas for doing it effectively. The social issues research papers may appear easy to write in comparison with different topics, but still it demands an extremely creative strategy, a big quantity of curiosity and capability to think beyond the box and search data in unconventional sources. How to Find Social Justice Topics for Essay on the Web Privilege is the consequence of systemic injustice, but power is what's required to oppress others. Power is just the ability to get what you would like. The redistribution of power can be problematic for the privileged. Become involved in your community and ask ways to be a portion of the remedy to make the social change to get rid of poverty. When deciding on your social problems topic, keep in mind that it's always far better to write about something you're already more or less acquainted with. Capacity or physical likelihood of. Or rather, the absence of a particular image. New Ideas Into Social Justice Topics for Essay Never Before Revealed A totally free market economy is imperative to the manner that American companies do business. Clearly, there's a direct legal motivation for you to achieve that. The free market of ideas also makes it possible for the growth of the greatest solutions that will offer justice for the biggest amount of people with time. Therefore, two options are presented. If you would like to receive a degree from a reliable American college or university, then you want to be sure that you're submitting flawless and superior essays. Bachelor males must continue bei ng clean shaved. Sociology is, undoubtedly, a fascinating subject, particularly if you're fortunate enough to find a progressive-thinking professor. To start with, your essay is supposed to tackle a specific social, psychological or anthropological matter. Schools do their very best to steer clear of students from getting bullied, but it's not enough. Edward and I've been married for more than a decade. Well, Mills College is a little different. There's also an audio shop in our town that provides private instrument lessons, that's the following arts education frontier for our daughter. Children are cruel to one another. Action projects are an essential method to engage students in the struggle for justice. Go with your youngster's lead! What the In-Crowd Won't Tell You About Social Justice Topics for Essay Each little district is lead by means of a bishop and lots of ministers and deacons. Frequently, the wealthy influence country laws that do function to safeguard their interest, rarely addressing the requirements of the poor. Social justice doesn't indicate an individual has rights to something which they did not earn. Evidently, not every citizen can be asked to take part in a poll to identify their consent to each prop osal in which some level of coercion is involved, so one needs to assume that all citizens are reasonable. A principal difference between socialism and communism is that communist think that capitalism should be cut out whenever possible, while socialists see capitalism as a method to reach the perfect state. Socialists think that everyone in society may benefit from capitalism as long because it's controlled by a centralized planning system. Social justice issues can happen in connection with practically any element of society where inequality can arise as a consequence of unjust prejudices or policies. Perhaps revolution isn't needed in any respect.

Application Essay Samples - How to Find Good Essay Samples

Application Essay Samples - How to Find Good Essay SamplesWhen people are looking for the best application essay samples, it may seem like a daunting task. However, the challenge is only really to find the best possible essay samples for your need. In fact, it is relatively easy to find a good one, if you only take the time to look around.In fact, I am going to make a few suggestions that will make the task a lot easier for you. As you can imagine, I will be referring to application essay samples as a whole in this article, so the first recommendation you should make is to use an online resource.There are several online resources available that are useful to writers of essays. When you browse the Internet for ideas, you may find some resources that show samples of good essays. Another option you have is to locate one of those well known online essay editors. This can be a good resource as well.There are a couple of things to remember when selecting application essay samples. These ti ps may help you in finding the best possible applications you can write.First, don't base your selection on cost alone. You don't want to spend too much money on applications, but you also want to make sure that the essay samples are excellent quality. The second thing you want to remember is that a high-quality essay sample will not necessarily come cheap.However, there is a good resource that can provide you with essay samples for free. This is where you may want to begin your search. Remember, the best way to find essay samples is to go online and try out a few.I believe these two tips will help you in looking for application essay samples. It is often very easy to find the best applications you can write when you take the time to really look. So take the time to go online and search for some.

The Biggest Myth About Gre Issue Essay Topics Exposed

The Biggest Myth About Gre Issue Essay Topics Exposed The Ultimate Gre Issue Essay Topics Trick You may observe that many Issue Essay prompts make statements that are hard to completely support. In the issue essay, you will be supplied a topic that's debatable. Following that, you also know that making something look to be an essay isn't really so easy to do. There's a lot that may be judged from the written essay. The 2 essays are absolutely different. At that time, you can begin writing full length practice essays. Gre Issue Essay Topics for Dummies Both test your capacity to compose a cogent thesis statement you must defend over the class of many paragraphs. In essence you're interpreting the info. There is, in addition, the problem of grammar. For instance, what sort of introduction it is possible to craft, how many paragraphs you should write, what type of examples you are able to connect the essay with, what sort of quotes you are able to include etc.. Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Gre Issue Essay Topics Is Wrong Despite the fact that colleges don't request PSAT scores as a piece of the admissions review process, acquiring a terrific PSAT rating can definitely help your odds of getting into a top-tier school. To reach a top score, you are going to want to demonstrate that you're able to write clearly and effectively. Or, to truly get a feeling of the way the scores work, have a peek at a couple of sample essays. The GRE score is necessary for the admission to a lot of graduate programs. The writing sample is a far lower priority than GRE prep, therefore we recommend that you jump ahead to the GRE class. An answer to any other issue is going to receive a score of zero. You just have to understand how to write for the test. Life, Death and Gre Issue Essay Topics In the event the practical considerations related to your research ideas are unrealistic, you must consider whether you're eager to modify or reconsider your undertaking. Practice brainstorming plenty of different essay prompts from the ETS website to get accustomed to coming up with examples that you may use to support your viewpoint. You are going to get a personalized score report highlighting your strengths and regions of improvement. You simply need to be in a position to be comfortable with a couple examples, and make certain you can effectively relate them to your analysis. The first part of the essay we'll analyze is the way that it succeeds in identifying and examining the sections of the argum ent that relate to the undertaking. Instead, you need to consider a variety of perspectives as you develop your own position on the matter. You won't be requested to write about a particular topic so much as you'll be requested to respond to a particular scenario. Just one topic is provided in analysis of an argument and you haven't any decision. The Upside to Gre Issue Essay Topics Write a response in which you discuss what questions would want to get answered to be able to determine whether the recommendation will probably have the predicted outcome. It's possible that while explaining your stand, you divert from the subject and begin discussing another matter. Also a reminder that you could work with me if you're searching for issue essay feedback. Pick the most suitable project topic. Students should always question what they're taught rather than accepting it passively. So, they should choose to ask questions rather than all questions without filtering. In school, th ey can choose the main, but they are not always totally free to select all of the disciplines. To start with, the students should learn the simple knowlede without questioning as it's the fundamental portion of knowledge. The intricacy of homework can be an important problem, specifically for global students. As a students, there are a number of theoretical majors like math, physics and chemistry that they ought to take their most time and produce every their effort to learn. Consequently, in every classroom there are a couple students who become bored because they've understood a subject very fast and others that are discouraged quickly because it is not possible for them to comply with the teacher's explanations. All parents ought to be asked to volunteer time to their sons' and daughters' schools. What Does Gre Issue Essay Topics Mean? You have the opportunity to pick any available author and assign your order to her or him. Nevertheless, you might have some questions, especially if you're getting to compose my essay online assist for your first moment. Thus, a teacher is indeed a critical thing during someone's educational course of action. It's possible to calculate scholarships from othe r universities on Peterson's portal. Students who do scientific research or employment at university can submit an application for scholarships. Indisputably, some could say that it's not always smart to mix education with passion. The academic education should take the majority of their time and the learners should shell out every attempt to learn.